In addition, yerba mate extract intake blunted the proinflammatory effects of HFD-induced obesity in rats through the phosphorylation of hypothalamic IKK and NF-κB p65 expression and increasing the protein levels of IκBα, adiponectin receptor-1, and IRS-2 [151]. The gene discussed is NFKB1; the disease is obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency.