BDNF and obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency: In this connection, Figure 2 illustrates our own results of the potential significance of reduced local and/or blood levels of NGF and BDNF, functioning as metabotrophic factors (MTF) for the pathobiology of obesity and its related cardiometabolic and neurodegenerative diseases, particularly Alzheimer’s disease (AD), with the latter being considered a neurometabolic disease [3,4,5,6,8,9,10,18].