CD40LG and chronic hepatitis B virus infection: Positive detection of IgM anti-HBc, as well as HBsAg and HBeAg, indicates acute hepatitis B. Negative IgM anti-HBc with positive HBsAg and the non-detection of any of the serological markers HBeAg, anti-HBc, anti-HBe or anti-HBs indicates chronic hepatitis B. Additionally, the presence of anti-HBs (>10 IU/mL) indicates immunity from spontaneous resolution of acute hepatitis B infection or HBV vaccination response [5].