Similarly, in adults with obesity (N = 23), there was no significant difference in body weight changes between a breakfast consuming group (≥700 kcal before 11:00 a.m. daily, with ~50% consumed within 2 h of waking up) and a breakfast skipping group (abstained from any caloric intake until noon), but the regular omission of breakfast was shown to reduce insulin sensitivity [55]. Here, INS is linked to obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency.