JAK1 and Alzheimer disease: Biological agents and small molecules have expanded the therapeutic arsenal for moderate-to-severe AD, including dupilumab (a monoclonal antibody targeting IL-4Rα), tralokinumab and lebrikizumab (anti-IL-13 monoclonal antibodies), abrocitinib and upadacitinib (JAK1 inhibitors), and baricitinib (a JAK1/2 inhibitor) [5].