Our study shows that surfactant proteins are not affected by classical cardiovascular risk factors, particularly diabetes and dyslipidemia, but rather, it is cardiac pathology, both in terms of altered contractile function (HF) [19,20] and in the course of ischemic coronary artery disease, that induces a significant increase in serum levels, especially of the components most sensitive to vascular inflammation—in this context, the significant correlation of both SP-D and pro-SP-B with sRAGE levels—which are associated with plaque instability in CHD patients. The gene discussed is SFTPB; the disease is hydrops fetalis.