The impaired gut mucosal barrier facilitates the entry of luminal bacteria products and metabolites, especially lipopolysaccharides (LPS), into the circulation, triggering a state of inflammation in various organs, as well as in the skeletal muscles [11,12], where the inflammation-sensitive nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) signal transducer may contribute to muscle atrophy in T2DM [10]. Here, NFKB1 is linked to type 2 diabetes mellitus.