On a separate note, an in vitro study revealed that phenolic extract (gallic acid, chlorogenic, caffeic acid, rutin, quercetin, kaempferol) of Senecio biafrae inhibited AChE and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) activity, which is considered an effective strategy to treat AD as it prevents the breakdown of these enzymes in the brain and increases neurotransmitter levels at the synaptic cleft. The gene discussed is BCHE; the disease is Alzheimer disease.