NLRP3 and obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency: Other DAMPs involved in TLR-4/9 and canonical NLRP3 inflammasome activation in obesity include elevated palmitate and other saturated fatty acids, glucose, uric acid, C-reactive protein (CRP), ceramide, islet amyloid polypeptide, HMGB1, mitochondrial DNA, and cholesterol crystals/oxLDL [256] (Figure 9).