Studies in patients with liver fibrosis and in preclinical mouse models of liver fibrosis have documented the major molecules and mechanisms involved in fibrogenesis, i.e., the accumulation of bone marrow-derived inflammatory immune cells, secretion of proinflammatory cytokines, production of TGF-β by profibrogenic macrophages, activation of collagen type I (COLIAI)-secreting hepatic myofibroblasts, excessive production of the ECM, and the formation of a fibrous scar [4]. The gene discussed is TGFB1; the disease is Hepatic fibrosis.