MMP9 and neoplasm: Recent data on this primary liver cancer demonstrated that LPA leads to an increased expression of Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) and an enhanced tumor cell invasiveness by means of LPAR1 and the combined activation of the p38-MAPK (Mitogen Activated protein Kinase) and phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) signaling pathways [80,81].