Overexpression of HMGB3 and other HMG family members (HMGA1, HMGA2, and HMGB1) is directly associated with increased tumor size, metastasis, and poor response to radiation therapy in some types of cancer (including squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus, colorectal cancer, and cervical cancer), as well as with a poor prognosis. Here, HMGB3 is linked to cancer.