Extreme gradient boosting classifier (XGBoost) showed sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, positive and negative predictive values of 0.81, 0.60, 0.69, 0.63, and 0.79, respectively, for the training set, and 0.81, 0.58, 0.68, 0.61, and 0.79, respectively, for the validation set in predicting CD8+ tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte expression levels in PDAC. Here, CD8A is linked to neoplasm.