BMAL1 and colorectal carcinoma: Conversely, BMAL1 can reduce the incidence of CRC through its involvement in AKT, a serine/threonine kinase (also known as PKB) which is a central kinase that controls diverse processes including cell survival and apoptosis; the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) which regulates cell proliferation; autophagy, metabolism, and apoptosis by participating in multiple signaling pathways; and p53 (tumor suppressor protein) by regulating various signaling pathways such as the Hippo pathway which regulates proliferation in intestinal stem cells [274,275].