TLR4 and renal fibrosis: In vitro and in vivo experiments showed that HYSA treatment at a concentration of 10 mg/kg decreases renal fibrosis in human renal glomerular endothelial cells and STZ-induced diabetic rats by ameliorating oxidative stress/inflammatory markers and downregulating the Toll-like receptor 4/nuclear factor-κB (p65) (TLR4/NF-κB p65) signaling pathway [41].