Indeed, other groups have found that dual GLP-1R/GIPR agonists reduced the Bax (pro-apoptotic) to Bcl2 (antiapoptotic) ratio as well as increasing the levels of phosphorylated Akt in cortical and hippocampal cells derived from rat stroke and AD models [82,83], with the dual agonist providing greater antiapoptotic protections than a GLP-1R single agonist [82]. Here, GIPR is linked to Alzheimer disease.