Accordingly, since insulin targets NFkB, known to exert the epigenetic regulation of DMT1 [6,9,11], responsive to inflammation and interleukins as shown in Langerhans cells [12], we produced evidence of neuroprotection by acute insulin treatment during in vitro ischemia induced by OGD in primary mouse cortical neurons and in differentiated human neuroblastoma cells with the concomitant down-regulation of both the DMT1 expression and ferrous iron uptake, thus focusing on the ferrous iron transporter DMT1 as a possible pharmacological target in the neuroprotection by insulin. The gene discussed is INS; the disease is neuroblastoma.