FTO and obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency: Again, in the mouse pancreatic beta cell line MIN6, the over-expression of the fat mass and obesity-associated (FTO) gene, highly expressed not only in the pancreas but also in the CNS, inhibits insulin secretion with the activation of NF-kB, ROS production, and pancreatic β-cell dysfunction, thus sustaining the increased risk of obesity and the development of type 2 diabetes [14].