TLR7 and HIV infectious disease: Following HIV infection, viral components such as HIV RNA and DNA molecules (ssRNA, dsRNA, RNA:DNA hybrids, and dsDNA) could be detected by PRRs, including toll-like receptors 7 and 8 (TLR7, TLR8), cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS), and retinoic acid-inducible gene I (RIG-I), which trigger several signaling pathways [79,80] (Figure 2).