A study on mouse pancreatic cancer sequencing results proposed that the growth as well as differentiation of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is regulated by the transcription factor SPDEF, and the PDAC-promoting function regulated by SPDEF can be mediated by AGR2 and ERN2/IRE1β, and the deletion of AGR2 impairs the growth of tumor organoid and classical-like PDAC cells, but has a lesser effect on the cells of basal-like PDAC [115]. This evidence concerns the gene SPDEF and neoplasm.