Population-based epidemiologic studies have long restricted the assessment of inflammation to the measurement of two serum biomarkers, α-1 acid glycoprotein (AGP) as an indicator of chronic inflammation, and C-reactive protein (CRP) as a marker of acute inflammation [6,7,8], frequently using them to adjust other health or nutrition indicators (e.g., micronutrient status) for modulating the effects of presumed infection, despite the unclear functional roles of either in immune surveillance or response [9,10,11]. Here, ATP5MK is linked to infection.