Endothelial dysfunction results from reduced NO bioavailability as a result of impaired eNOS function via reduced expression, mislocalization, impaired phosphorylation, and eNOS uncoupling, thus resulting in reduced NO production and decreased bioavailability and increased ROS production by perivascular macrophage(s) (PVMΦs) [43]. Here, NOS3 is linked to endothelial dysfunction.