Therefore, it is reasonable that the pharmacological targeting of β3-AR could be effective not only in preventing NEC but also in treating other conditions specific to preterm infants, such as BPD and periventricular leukomalacia, where hyperoxia promotes abnormal vascular remodeling and consequent hypoplasia of the lung [69,70] and central nervous system [71] parenchymas, respectively. The gene discussed is ADRB3; the disease is bronchopulmonary dysplasia.