TNF and type 2 diabetes mellitus: In mice with HFD/streptozotocin-induced type 2 diabetes (T2DM), feeding quinoa yogurt effectively downregulated the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β) while increasing the release of anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10, alleviating systemic inflammation mediated by lipid dysregulation [124].