Conversely, some miRNAs, such as miR-200a in breast cancer, miR-432 in ESCC, and miR-421/miR-6077 in lung cancer, exhibit carcinogenic effects by negatively regulating KEAP1 mRNA levels, leading to resistance to different chemotherapeutic agents [81,82,83,84]. Here, KEAP1 is linked to esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.