Therefore, in the present research, the effects of young plasma therapy (YPT) compared to estrogen therapy on cognitive disorders, oxidative stress, miR-134a expression, and the expression of some of its target proteins such as BDNF, CREB, and SIRT-1 were studied in the hippocampus of an Alzheimer’s disease model in aged ovariectomized rats. This evidence concerns the gene BDNF and Cognitive impairment.