IL2 and neoplasm: The successful isolation of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) followed, and in 1986, ex vivo expanded TILs were injected as a living drug into mice bearing MC-38 colon adenocarcinoma cells, which in combination with interleukin-2 (IL-2) and cyclophosphamide or total body irradiation cured the mice of metastatic lesions in the liver and lung [4].