TNF and chronic recurrent multifocal osteomyelitis: NSAIDs are the first-line treatment option, but may lead to relapses in many cases.[3,27] Second-line treatments include corticosteroids, TNF-α inhibitors, DMARDs, and bisphosphonates, etc.[11,28] Bisphosphonates are powerful inhibitors of osteoclastic bone resorption and have been proven to be effective in CRMO treatment.