Boudreau and colleagues determined that the peptide gallinamide A (39), originally reported from the Panamanian marine cyanobacterium Schizothrix sp., was cytotoxic to the intracellular amastigote stage of the Chagas disease-causative agent Trypanosoma cruzi, by potently inhibiting the ”validated drug target” cysteine protease cruzain, thus representing “a new candidate for the treatment of Chagas disease” [51]. This evidence concerns the gene CTSB and Chagas disease.