In the frontal cerebral cortex, a marked increase in the level of GFAP compared to its level in the same brain structure of sham-operated rats was revealed in the course of ischemia and reperfusion in the case of administration of insulin or autophagy and apoptosis inhibitors, as well as in the case of their absence (Figure 4, Table 4). The gene discussed is GFAP; the disease is ischemia.