The levels of HbA1c, serum glucose, insulin, and fasting blood glucose were significantly elevated in the DCM controls (HbA1c 9.8 ± 0.61; glucose 199.5 ± 9.8 mg/dL; insulin 27 ± 3.41 ng/mL) versus healthy controls, while these changes were normalized by PD treatment (HbA1c 5.1 ± 0.23; glucose 82.5 ± 4.5 mg/dL; insulin 17 ± 2.45 ng/mL) to an equivalent level to metformin treatment (Figure 3A–D). This evidence concerns the gene INS and familial dilated cardiomyopathy.