In 2020, Shohei Kuraoka and colleagues demonstrated cyst formation in ureteric bud organoids derived from iPSCs with homozygous deleted PKD1, as well as in ureteric bud organoids generated from heterozygous mutant iPSCs and from a patient with ADPKD, all upon cAMP stimulation. This evidence concerns the gene PKD1 and autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease.