Significant differences were only indicated for NEC + PEP1 compared with PEP1 in IL-6 (3.165 ± 1.136 vs. 0.1763 ± 0.0646 pg/mL, * p < 0.0395; Figure 5C) and IL-1β (3.038 ± 0.5369 vs. 1.196 ± 0.3703 pg/mL, * p < 0.0264; Figure 5D). This evidence concerns the gene IL1B and necrotizing enterocolitis.