The upregulation of casp3a is consistent with the increase in casp3 expression in hybrid grouper (Epinephelus fuscoguttatus × Epinephelus lanceolatus) that developed hepatic steatosis when fish protein was replaced with rendered animal protein [102], and the established role of caspase 3 in the intrinsic (mitochondrial) pathway of cell death [103]. The gene discussed is CASP3; the disease is fatty liver disease.