IFNB1 and non-small cell lung carcinoma: In addition to helping guide clinical decision making, increased serum IFNβ levels were found to be a strong predictor of early treatment response to combined radiotherapy and immunotherapy (CRI) in a clinical phase II study in patients with NSCLC brain metastases (NCT02221739) and were thought to contribute to the observed synergistic effects of these treatment modalities (27).