The monomeric form of PKM2 can further translocate to the nucleus and act as a histone kinase, upregulating the expression of c-Myc and cyclin D1, ultimately promoting the Warburg effect (cancer cells preferentially utilize glycolysis to produce energy even in aerobic environments, thereby promoting tumor growth and proliferation) and cell cycle progression, respectively.49 Here, CCND1 is linked to neoplasm.