AR and colonic neoplasm: AR inhibition prevented growth factor-induced proliferation of colon cancer cells by arresting cells in the G1 phase, blocking phosphorylation of retinoblastoma protein and cyclin-dependent kinase (cdk)-2, and downregulating the expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), cyclin D1, cyclin E, cdk4, and c-myc [120,121].