Investigations on azithromycin resistance mechanisms unveiled that cofilin-1 triggers the P38 MAPK signaling pathway, facilitating actin filament cytoskeletal reorganization and elevating the expression and drug efflux activity of multidrug resistance protein 1, consequently compromising the efficacy of PCa treatment (Chen et al., 2020). The gene discussed is CFL1; the disease is posterior cortical atrophy.