CD274 and non-small cell lung carcinoma: In recent years, checkpoint inhibitor antibodies, including programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) inhibitors and programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) inhibitors, have demonstrated favorable outcomes in NSCLC treatment by blocking the PD-1 and PD-L1 interaction and enhancing the antitumor effects of endogenous T cells.