Finally, future studies should consider population size and diversity, given the rare frequency of BRCA1 and RAD51C methylation in some cancers, and differences in molecular subtype-enrichment across populations and ancestries (e.g. TNBC and CN high endometrial cancer in individuals of African ancestry (42,59) or EBV-associated stomach cancer frequencies across populations (60,61)). This evidence concerns the gene BRCA1 and gastric neoplasm.