IGF1 and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease: It has been found that the mechanisms of T2DM with NAFLD include IR [10], hepatic free fatty acid (FFA) accumulation [11], oxidative stress imbalance [12], abnormal expression of insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) [13], and endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) [14], etc., but these mechanisms have yet to be further elucidated.