In a retrospective cohort study, patients with T2DM and concomitant osteoporosis or osteopenia who used DPP-4 inhibitors and no antiosteoporotic medications were divided into two groups: those who switched to a GLP-1 receptor agonist and those who continued on a DPP-4 inhibitor [61]. The gene discussed is DPP4; the disease is osteoporosis.