Furthermore, elevated ALDH1 expression contributes to chemoresistance and metastatic progression in breast cancer through the activation of cell-signaling pathways, including Notch, Wnt/β-catenin, and the hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)1α/vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) pathway, which promote the stem-like properties of these cells. The gene discussed is VEGFA; the disease is breast carcinoma.