In a preclinical study conducted on human kidney PT cell lines in a hyperglycaemic environment, exposure to empagliflozin over a 72-hour period led to attenuation of hyperglycaemia-mediated overexpression of interleukin-6 (IL-6), Toll-like receptor-4, type IV collagen, activator protein-1 and nuclear deoxyribonucleic acid binding for nuclear factor κB without a compensatory overexpression of neither SGLT1 or GLUT2 [70]. The gene discussed is IL6; the disease is Hyperglycemia.