BAX and dementia: Additionally, JNK pathway activation can regulate the levels of B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2) family proteins, such as the prototypical anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2 and the pro-apoptotic protein Bcl2-associated X protein (Bax), which are abnormally expressed in the brains of those with dementia (Rajesh and Kanneganti, 2022).