These findings are consistent with a previous in vitro study that revealed reduced CD163 expression in tumour-associated macrophages upon treatment with BLZ945.29 Notably, in contrast to the results of previous studies,16,30 microglia, which express low levels of CSF1R, were not depleted by BLZ945 at the two doses (Fig. 2F and Supplementary Fig. 1C). This evidence concerns the gene CSF1R and neoplasm.