CSF1R and infection: Based on evidence that increased CSF1R activation is important in macrophage survival during SIV/HIV infection, we sought to examine the effects of inhibiting CSF1R during acute SIV infection of rhesus macaques.27,28 A highly selective, brain-penetrant CSF1R kinase inhibitor, BLZ945, was orally administered daily starting from 10 days after SIVmac251 infection until termination of the study at 30 to 40 days post-infection.