For example, castration-resistant prostate cancer cells secrete exosomes containing integrin alpha-2, which enhance focal adhesion kinase and extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1 and 2 activity in AR-positive cells to trigger epithelial-mesenchymal transition, ultimately facilitating the proliferation, migration, and invasion of recipient cells [39]. This evidence concerns the gene MAPK3 and Familial prostate cancer.