In cardiac and major abdominal surgery patients with high-risk for AKI development based on postoperative [TIMP-2]⋅[IGFBP-7] assessment, the consecutive implementation of nephroprotective measures (“KDIGO care bundle”) in randomized-controlled trials succeeded to significantly reduce postoperative AKI II/III events and severity9,35. Here, IGFBP7 is linked to acute kidney injury.