Ordinary scabies is characterized by a protective local immune response dominated by CD4+ T-lymphocytes with a T helper-1 (Th1) cytokine profile, including interferon-gamma (IFN-γ), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), and interleukin-2 (IL-2), while the immune response in CS is non-protective and dominated by CD8+ T-lymphocytes and a Th2 cytokine profile, including IL-4, IL-5, and IL-13. This evidence concerns the gene IL4 and Cowden syndrome 1.