AFP and neoplasm of testis: The 2022 edition of the Chinese Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Urological and Andrological Diseases emphasizes the significant value of serum tumor markers, including alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), beta-human chorionic gonadotropin (β-HCG), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), in the diagnosis and prognosis of testicular tumors.