We also observed that the encapsulation of melatonin by PSMA-R12-125I decreased the cardiotoxicity in mice because Mel@PSMA-R12-125I particles had lower uptake activities in the heart compared with naked PSMA-R12-125I. The data showed that melatonin, naked or encapsulated by nanocarriers, was a potential treatment option for PCa. Here, FOLH1 is linked to posterior cortical atrophy.